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carbon An element that is the basis of all life on Earth mainly because of its ability to form complex molecules that are stable but also readily changed into other forms under natural terrestrial conditions. When combined with oxygen it gives carbon dioxide, which is essential to plant growth. When combined with hydrogen, it forms a wide variety of compounds called hydrocarbons which, as fossil fuels, are an important source of energy. Related entries • carbon nanotube • carbon sequestration • carbon sink Related categories • ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT • MATERIALS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE Also on this site: Encyclopedia of Science Transport Concepts & Designs (partner site) |