INORGANIC CHEMISTRY A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z           HOME ABOUT CATEGORIES SITE MAP COPYRIGHT ADVERTISE CONTACT entire Web this site inert gas A xenon atom. Notice that the outer electron shell has 8 electrons and is therefore full. This makes xenon extremely unreactive. Credit: The Open Door Website Any of a family of (almost) completely unreactive, colorless, and odorless elements. The inert gases include (in order of increasing atomic number) the following elements: helium neon argon krypton xenon radon The inert gases occupy group 18 (formerly group 0) of the periodic table. Their extremely low reactivity is due to the fact that their outer electron shells are complete (having two electrons in the case of helium and eight electrons in the case of the other inert elements). Being already complete, the electron shells of inert elements "seek" neither to lose electrons or gain them during chemical reactions and thus tend not to react at all. It was thought formerly that all of these elements were completely inert. But it's now known that argon, krypton, xenon, and radon do form compounds (most notably fluorides) under certain circumstances. The inert gases are also called noble gases or rare gases, although argon and helium occur in substantial quantities in Earth's atmosphere (one percent in the case of argon). They are prepared by fractional distillation of liquid air, except helium and radon. The inert gases glow brightly when an electric discharge is passed through them, and so are used as advertising signs: neon tubes glow red, xenon blue, and krypton bluish-white; argon tubes glow pale red at low pressures, blue at high pressures. Related category    • INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Also on this site: Encyclopedia of Alternative Energy & Sustainable Living Encyclopedia of History Transport Concepts & Designs (partner site) BACK TO TOP