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Mars, unmanned spacecraft
| Spacecraft | Country | Launch date | Notes |
| Marsnik 1 | Soviet Union | Oct. 10, 1960 | Attempted flyby; launch failure |
| Marsnik 2 | Soviet Union | Oct. 14, 1960 | Attempted flyby; launch failure |
| Sputnik 22 | Soviet Union | Oct. 24, 1962 | Attempted flyby |
| Mars 1 | Soviet Union | Nov. 1, 1962 | Flyby; contact lost |
| Sputnik 24 | Soviet Union | Nov. 4, 1962 | Attempted lander |
| Mariner 3 | United States | Nov. 5, 1964 | Attempted flyby |
| Mariner 4 | United States | Nov. 28, 1964 | Flyby |
| Zond 2 | Soviet Union | Nov. 30, 1964 | Flyby; contact lost |
| Mariner 6 | United States | Feb. 24, 1969 | Flyby |
| Mariner 7 | United States | Mar. 27, 1969 | Flyby |
| Mars 1969A | Soviet Union | Mar. 27, 1969 | Attempted orbiter; launch failure |
| Mars 1969B | Soviet Union | Apr. 2, 1969 | Attempted orbiter; launch failure |
| Mariner 8 | United States | May. 8, 1971 | Attempted flyby; launch failure |
| Cosmos 419 | Soviet Union | May 10, 1971 | Attempted orbiter/lander |
| Mars 2 | Soviet Union | May 19, 1971 | Orbiter/attempted lander |
| Mars 3 | Soviet Union | May 28, 1971 | Orbiter/lander |
| Mariner 9 | United States | May 30, 1971 | Orbiter |
| Mars 4 | Soviet Union | Jul. 21, 1973 | Flyby/attempted orbiter |
| Mars 5 | Soviet Union | Jul. 25, 1973 | Orbiter |
| Mars 6 | Soviet Union | Aug. 5, 1973 | Lander; contact lost |
| Mars 7 | Soviet Union | Aug. 9, 1973 | Flyby/attempted lander |
| Viking 1 | United States | Aug. 20, 1973 | Orbiter and lander |
| Viking 2 | United States | Sep. 9, 1975 | Orbiter and lander |
| Fobos 1 | Soviet Union | Jul. 7, 1988 | Attempted orbit and Phobos landers |
| Fobos 2 | Soviet Union | Jul. 12, 1988 | Orbiter/attempted Phobos landers |
| Mars Observer | United States | Sep. 25, 1992 | Attempted orbiter; contact lost |
| Mars Global Surveyor | United States | Nov. 7, 1996 | Orbiter |
| Mars 96 | Russia | Nov. 16, 1996 | Attempted orbiter and landers |
| Mars Pathfinder | United States | Dec. 4, 1996 | Lander and rover |
| Nozomi | Japan | Jul. 3, 1998 | Attempted orbiter |
| Mars Climate Observer | United States | Dec. 11, 1998 | Attempted orbiter |
| Mars Polar Lander | United States | Jan. 3, 1999 | Attempted lander and penetrators |
| Mars Odyssey | United States | Apr. 7, 2001 | Orbiter |
| Mars Express and Beagle 2 | Europe/U.K. | Jun. 2, 2003 | Orbiter and attempted lander |
| Mars Exploration Rover, Spirit | United States | Jun. 10, 2003 | Lander and rover |
| Mars Exploration Rover, Opportunity | United States | Jul. 7, 2003 | Lander and rover |
| Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter | United States | Aug. 12, 2005 | Orbiter |
| Mars Phoenix Lander | United States | Aug. 4, 2007 | Lander |
| Mars Science Laboratory | United States | 2009 | Lander and rover |
| THOR | United States | 2011 | Orbiter and impactor |
Related categories
• MARS TOPICS
• SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES
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Encyclopedia of Alternative Energy & Sustainable Living
Encyclopedia of History
Transport Concepts & Designs (partner site)