Cilicia was an ancient region of southeast Asia Minor (now in Turkey) stretching from the Taurus Mountains to the Mediterranean Sea. Its chief city was Tarsus. Cilicia was dominated by the Assyrians and Persians before being hellenized in the fourth century BC. It was conquered by Rome in 67 BC, and was invaded by the Arabs in the eighteenth century AD. An Armenian state was set up there in 1080 and the region fell to the Turks in 1375.