A

David

Darling

Giauque, William Francis (1895–1982)

William Giauque

William Giauque was an American chemist who discovered the isotopes of oxygen (1929). He also contributed to the science of cryogenics by inventing and applying the process of adiabatic demagnetization to approach temperatures close to absolute zero, for which he was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.