Giovanni Morgagni was an Italian anatomist and professor at the University of Padua, whose Of the Seats and Causes of Diseases as Investigated by Anatomy (1761) established him as the father of anatomical pathology (also called morbid anatomy). Among his many observations was that perforation of a coronary artery on the outer surface of the heart might cause hemorrhage into the pericardial sac with consequent compression and arrest of the heart.