Bardeen, John (1908–1991)
American physicist who shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics with William
Shockley and Walter Brattain for their
development of the transistor. In 1972
he became the first person to win the physics prize a second time, sharing
the award with Leon Cooper (1930–) and John Schrieffer (1931–)
for their development of a comprehensive theory of superconductivity
known as the BCS theory. He worked with the Bell Telephone Laboratories
(1945–51) and was then professor of physics at Illinois University
(1951–71).
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