Mendeleyev, Dmitri Ivanovich (1834–1907)
Russian chemist who devised the periodic
table. Mendeleyev demonstrated that chemically similar elements
appear at regular intervals if the elements are arranged in order by relative
atomic mass. He classified the then 60 known elements and left gaps
in the table, predicting the existence and properties of several unknown
elements later discovered, including gallium
and scandium. His work was first published
in Russian in 1869, and was soon translated. His textbook, The Principles
of Chemistry, was written between 1868 and 1870, and translated in
1905, rapidly becoming a standard work. The element mendelevium
is named after him.
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