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maxillary artery


Dissection of the infratemporal fossa
Dissection of the infratemporal fossa, showing the maxillary artery
The maxillary artery is the larger terminal branch of the external carotid artery in the parotid gland. It arises behind the neck of the mandible and runs forward medial to it, to reach the lower border of the lateral pterygoid muscle. The artery then passes upward and forward, either superficial or deep to the lower head of the lateral pterygoid. It then leaves the infratemporal fossa by entering the pterygopalatine fossa. Here it splits up into branches, which accompany the branches of the maxillary nerve.


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