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Diophantus of Alexandria (AD c.200–c.284)
One of the last great Greek mathematicians; he developed his own algebraic notation and is sometimes called "the father of algebra." His works were preserved by the Arabs and translated into Latin in the 16th century, when they served to inspire momentous new advances. Diophantine equations are named in his honor. It was in the margin of a French translation of Diophantus' work Aritmetike from c.250 that Pierre de Fermat scribbled his famous comment that became known as Fermat's last theorem.
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