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symmetry
An intrinsic property of a mathematical object that allows it to remain unchanged under certain types of transformation, such as rotation, reflection, or more abstract operations. The mathematical study of symmetry is systematized and formalized in the extremely powerful subject known as group theory. Symmetries and apparent symmetries in the laws of nature have played a part in the construction of physical theories since the time of Galileo and Newton. The most familiar symmetries are spatial or geometric ones. In a snowflake, for example, the presence of a symmetrical pattern can be detected at a glance.
One of the most remarkable developments of the past half century has been the emergence of symmetry as a central theme of subatomic physics. This came about through a series of subtle evolutions in the concept of symmetry itself. Many researchers believe that this evolutionary process has not come to an end, and that further meaning of the concept of symmetry, with perhaps new mathematical structures, will develop in the coming years.
Reference
- Weyl, Hermann. Symmetry. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1952.
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• MATHEMATICS
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