2M1207

A brown dwarf around which orbits the first extrasolar planet ever to be directly photographed. 2M1207 (full catalog designation: 2MASSWJ1207334-393254) lies in the constellation Hydra at a distance of 228 light-years. Its companion planet, known as 2M1207b, is about five times the size of Jupiter and is orbiting at a distance nearly twice as far as Neptune is from our Sun.

Given the rather unusual properties of the 2M1207 system, the giant planet most probably did not form like the planets in our solar system. Instead it may have formed the same way our Sun formed, by gravitational collapse of a cloud of gas and dust. A team of European and American scientists working with the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory initially released a picture showing the planet in September 2004. Further images, taken in 2005, confirmed the nature of the object.

Host star
distance	228 light-years (70 pc)
spectral type	M8
apparent magnitude	13
mass (Sun = 1)	0.025
position	RA 12h 07m 33.4s; Dec -39° 32' 54"

Planet
mass (Jupiter = 1)	5±2
semimajor axis	55 AU (8.3 billion km, 5.1 million mi.)
orbital period	> 2450 years
eccentricity	?
year of discovery	2005
discovery	Chauvin et al; VLT
method of discovery	direct imaging

References

Chauvin G., Lagrange A.-M., Dumas C., Zuckerman B., Mouillet D., Song I., Buezit J.-L. & Lowrance, P., 2005. "Confirmation of a Giant Planet Companion to the brown dwarf 2MASSWJ1207334-393254." Astron. & Astrophys., accepted.
Chauvin G., Lagrange A.-M., Dumas C., Zuckerman B., Mouillet D., Song I., Buezit J.-L. & Lowrance, P., 2004 "A giant planet candidate near a young brown dwarf." Astron. & Astrophys., 425, L29.

Related categories

• EXTRASOLAR PLANETS AND SUBSTELLAR OBJECTS
• NOTABLE STARS

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