ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z                    HOME ABOUT CATEGORIES SITE MAP COPYRIGHT ADVERTISE CONTACT entire Web this site esophagus A collapsible muscular tube that serves as a passageway between the pharynx and the stomach. It forms part of the gastrointestinal tract. Food passes down the esophagus by gravity and peristalsis. As it descends, the esophagus is posterior to the trachea and anterior to the spinal column. It passes through an opening in the diaphragm, called the esophageal hiatus, and then empties into the stomach. The mucosa has glands that secrete mucus to keep the lining moist and well lubricated to ease the passage of food. Upper and lower esophageal sphincters control the movement of food into and out of the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter is sometimes called the cardiac sphincter and resides at the esophagogastric junction. Functions of the esophagus Transport of food Movement of food by peristalsis Mechanical dispersion of food as the first part of digestion Disorders of the esophagus Disorders and diseases of the esophagus include reflux esophagitis or heartburn, ulcer, stricture, and cancer. Related category    • ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Source: National Cancer Institute Also on this site: Encyclopedia of Alternative Energy & Sustainable Living Encyclopedia of History Transport Concepts & Designs (partner site) BACK TO TOP